The OS is responsible for the following activities in connection with memory management: ACC501 MIDTERM PAST PAPERS. Keeping track of free memory space Keeping track of which parts of memory are currently being used and by whom. ALSO DOWNLOAD PAST PAPERS ACC311 MIDTERM SOLVED PAPERS
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Deciding which processes are to be loaded into memory when memory space becomes available Deciding how much memory is to be allocated to a process Allocating and deallocating memory space as needed Insuring that a process is not overwritten on top of another Secondary storage management The main purpose of a computer system is to execute programs.
The programs, along with the data they access, must be in the main memory or primary storage during their execution. Since main memory is too small to accommodate all data and programs, and because the data it holds are lost when the power is lost, the computer system must provide secondary storage to backup main memory. ACC501 MIDTERM PAST PAPERS
Most programs are stored on a disk until loaded into the memory and then use disk as both the source and destination of their processing. Like all other resources in a computer system, proper management of disk storage is important.
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The operating system is responsible for the following activities in connection with disk management: Free-space management Storage allocation and deallocation Disk scheduling I/O system management
The I/O subsystem consists of: A memory management component that includes buffering, caching and spooling
A general device-driver interface Drivers for specific hardware devices.
File management Computers can store information on several types of physical media, e.g. magnetic tape, magnetic disk and optical disk. The OS maps files onto physical media and accesses these media via the storage devices.
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The OS is responsible for the following activities with respect to file management: Creating and deleting files
Creating and deleting directories Supporting primitives (operations) for manipulating files and directories Mapping files onto the secondary storage Backing up files on stable (nonvolatile) storage media Protection system If a computer system has multiple users and allows concurrent execution of multiple processes then the various processes must be protected from each other’s activities.
Protection is any mechanism for controlling the access of programs, processes or users to the resources defined by a computer system. Networking A distributed system is a collection of processors that do not share memory, peripheral devices or a clock. Instead, each processor has it own local memory and clock, and the processors communicate with each other through various communication lines, such as high- speed buses or networks.
The processors of a communication system are connected via a connection Network. When designing communication networks, messages and Connection and conflict policies and security issues.
A distributed system brings together disparate and potentially heterogeneous physical systems It becomes a single cohesive system that gives the user access to various resources The system holds.
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